Friday, January 23, 2015

An In Depth Analysis of An Adam's Apple Jump

Sabrina Freifeld

     In these past couple of classes we have really delved into the process of communication between people.  When we talk to each other there are actually many complex operations that are not all visible to the naked eye.  One concept that I have always thought was interesting is nonverbal communication.  How is it possible that we are able to say so much by literally saying nothing at all? 
Interested by this idea of speaking without speaking, I looked online to find that there is almost a sort of dictionary for nonverbal communication.  Certain ways that people act communicate their thoughts, ideas, and emotions. 
     Still, this is all old news.  We know that if someone smiles at us, they like us.  If a girl crosses her arms, she’s probably mad or annoyed.  If a man touches you while in conversation, he is most likely hinting at his affection for you.  But I was not aware, however, about how the most miniscule of movements could have such momentous a meaning.  Even more than that, I was interested to learn the biological reasoning behind these automatic and intrinsic nonverbal messages.
            Take the Adam’s apple jump for instance.  This is when there is a noticeable up and down movement of an Adam’s apple.  This is an unconscious signal of emotional anxiety, embarrassment, or stress.  But on an anatomical level, what is the reason for this?  Researchers have reported “Acting through the vagus nerve (cranial X), emotional tension from the brain's limbic system causes unconscious muscular contractions of the sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, and associated inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles of the Adam's apple” (Adam’s apple jump, 2).  This movement becomes evident while the muscles begin to contract to swallow or to clear the throat.  Thus, the movement of the Adam’s apple is an emotionally responsive reaction.
            But the big question here is, who cares?  Such an almost imperceptible movement shouldn’t really mean that much.  On the contrary, even such small nonverbal communications such as this can be quite significant.  A major example of this is when Vice President James Danforth Quayle’s Adam’s apple jumped in the 1988 vice-presidential debate.  His opponent, Lloyd Bentsen, had accused "I knew Jack Kennedy. Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine. Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy!"  This was noticeable to people because it showed that Danforth was nervous and maybe even agreed with his adversary.  Spectators may not have consciously realized that his Adam’s apple had jumped, but it definitely showed that Quayle was not completely confident. 
            Another political example of this Adam’s apple jump happened even more recently.  In the third presidential debate of October 22, 2012, Mitt Romney’s Adam’s apple made a visible jump after trying hard to passively listen to President Barack Obama’s claim that Romney had “flip-flopped” on various foreign policy issues.
It is incredibly interesting how movements that we sometimes do not even know we are doing, make up the majority of how we communicate.  I analyzed the Adam’s apple jump, yet there are still so many other movements that have such meaning.  Next time you communicate, make sure your body is actually conveying the same meaning you want it to.


If you look closely, you can see Quayle’s Adam’s apple jump as Benson says “friend of mine.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-7gpgXNWYI

Mitt Romney’s Adam’s apple jumps when Obama says “of the 1920’s” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T1409sXBleg&feature=g-sptl&cid=inp-hs-pol-03

To learn more about Adam’s apple jumps

A dictionary of nonverbal communication from Adam’s apple jump to zygomatic smile

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